NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION

Environmental Science A program that focuses on the application of biological, chemical, and physical principles to the study of the physical environment and the solution of environmental problems, including subjects such as abating or controlling environmental pollution and degradation; the interaction between human society and the natural environment; and natural resources management. Includes instruction in biology, chemistry, physics, geosciences, climatology, statistics, and mathematical modeling.

ARTS & HUMANITIES

• • American Literature (United States)

    This four year degree program studies all forms of United States literature from the Colonial Era to the present. Coursework includes instruction in period and genre studies, author studies, literary criticism, and regional and oral traditions. 

  • English Language and Literature

    A general program that focuses on the English language, including its history, structure and related communications skills; and the literature and culture of English-speaking peoples. 

• Film and Theater 
  • Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts

    A program that focuses on the general study of dramatic works and their performance. Includes instruction in major works of dramatic literature, dramatic styles and types, and the principles of organizing and producing full live or filmed productions. 

  • Film/Cinema Studies

    A program in the visual arts that focuses on the study of the history, development, theory, and criticism of the film/video arts, as well as the basic principles of film making and film production. 

• Foreign Languages 
  • Arabic Language and Literature

    This major program studies the Arabic language from earliest times to the present. Students of the Arabic language study Arabic philology, Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, Arabic dialects, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Chinese Language and Literature

    Students in this major study the Chinese language and its associated dialects and literature, including Chinese philology, Archaic and Classical Chinese, Modern Standard Chinese (Guóyu), Mandarin, Cantonese, Taiwanese, Wu, Min, Hunanese, Hakka, other dialects and pidgins, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

    This general major includes a variety of instructional programs in classics and classical languages, literatures, and linguistics, including non-Latin Italic languages of the ancient period such as Etruscan, Samnian, Oscan, and others. 

  • Comparative Literature

    A program that focuses on two or more literary traditions in the original languages or in translation. Includes instruction in comparative linguistics; applicable foreign languages; English/French language and literature; literary criticism; and applications to genre, period, national, and textual studies as well as literary forms such as poetry, prose, and drama.

  • Foreign Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
  • French Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the French language and related dialects and creoles. Includes instruction in French philology, Metropolitan French, Canadian French, African and Caribbean Creoles, French regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • German Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the German language and related dialects as used in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, neighboring European countries containing German-speaking minorities, and elsewhere. Includes instruction in German philology; Old, Middle, and High German; Plattdeutsch and other regional dialects; and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Italian Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Italian language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Italian philology, Modern Italian, Italian regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Japanese Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Japanese language. Includes instruction in Japanese philology; Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Japanese; Japanese dialects; and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Korean Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Korean language. Includes instruction in Korean philology; Pre-Modern and Modern Korean; Korean dialects; and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Latin Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Latin language and literature from its origins through its decline and its current ecclesiastical usage, as a secular and/or theological subject. Includes instruction in Latin philology, related Italic dialects, Late Roman and Medieval Latin, and modern Church Latin. 

  • Linguistic, Comparative, and Related Language Studies and Services
  • Linguistics

    A program that focuses on language, language development, and relationships among languages and language groups from a humanistic and/or scientific perspective. Includes instruction in subjects such as psycholinguistics, behavioral linguistics, language acquisition, sociolinguistics, mathematical and computational linguistics, grammatical theory and theoretical linguistics, philosophical linguistics, philology and historical linguistics, comparative linguistics, phonetics, phonemics, dialectology, semantics, functional grammar and linguistics, language typology, lexicography, morphology and syntax, orthography, stylistics, structuralism, rhetoric, and applications to artificial intelligence. 

  • Portuguese Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Portuguese language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Portuguese philology, Metropolitan Portuguese, Luso-Brazilian Portuguese, regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Russian Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Russian language. Includes instruction in Russian philology, Old Russian, Modern Russian and dialects, literature, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Slavic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

    A general program that focuses on one or more of the Slavic languages of Central and Eastern Europe. Includes instruction in philology, linguistics, dialects and pidgins, literature, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Spanish Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Spanish language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Spanish philology, Modern Castillan, various Latin American dialects, regional Spanish dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other 

• General Studies 
  • Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities
• History 
  • History

    A program that focuses on the general study and interpretation of the past, including the gathering, recording, synthesizing and criticizing of evidence and theories about past events. Includes instruction in historiography; historical research methods; studies of specific periods, issues and cultures; and applications to areas such as historic preservation, public policy, and records administration. 

• Music 
  • General Music

    A general program that focuses on the introductory study and appreciation of music and the performing arts. Includes instruction in music, dance, and other performing arts media. 

  • Music History, Literature, and Theory

    A program that focuses on the study of the historical evolution of music as a social and intellectual phenomenon, the development of musical instruments and techniques, and the analysis and criticism of musical literature. Includes instruction in music history research methods, aesthetic analysis of musical compositions, history of musical writing and notation, the development of musical instruments, the development of music theory, and the study of specific periods, cultural traditions, styles, and themes. 

  • Musicology and Ethnomusicology

    A program that focuses on the systematic study of the forms and methods of music art, and the functions of music, in Western and non-Western societies and cultures. Includes instruction in music theory, musicological research methods, and studies of specific cultural styles such as jazz, folk music, rock, ethnic musical traditions, and the music of non-Western cultures. 

• Philosophy 

  • A program that focuses on ideas and their logical structure, including arguments and investigations about abstract and real phenomena. Includes instruction in logic, ethics, aesthetics, epistemology, metaphysics, symbolism, and history of philosophy, and applications to the theoretical foundations and methods of other disciplines. 

• Religion/Religious Studies 
  • General Religion/Religious Studies

    A program that focuses on the nature of religious belief and specific religious and quasi-religious systems. Includes instruction in phenomenology; the sociology, psychology, philosophy, anthropology, literature and art of religion; mythology; scriptural and textual studies; religious history and politics; and specific studies of particular faith communities and their behavior. 

  • Jewish/ Judaic Studies

    A program that focuses on the history, culture, and religion of the Jewish people. Includes instruction in Jewish religious heritage, sacred texts, and law; Jewish philosophy and intellectual history; Jewish life and culture, both in Israel and the Jewish Diaspora; historical Jewish minority cultures such as the Yiddish, Sephardic, and other; anti-Semitism, gentile relations and Shoa; Zionism; and modern developments within Judaism. 

• Visual Arts

  • Students of Art History study of the historical development of art as a social and intellectual phenomenon. Art History programs include the analysis of works of art, and art conservation, art history research methods, connoisseurship, the preservation and conservation of works of art, and the study of specific periods, cultures, styles, and themes. 

  • Art/Art Studies

    Art and Art Studies is a general, introductory program that focuses on the study and appreciation of the visual arts. Students of these two or four year programs receive instruction in art, photography, and other visual communications media. 

  • Fine Arts and Art Studies

BUSINESS

Business/Managerial Economics Learn to apply the power of economics principles to the analysis of the organization and operation of business enterprises. Students complete courses in monetary theory, banking and financial systems, theory of competition, pricing theory, wage and salary/incentive theory, analysis of markets, and applications of econometrics and quantitative methods to the study of particular businesses and business problems.

ARTS & HUMANITIES

• • Architecture (BArch, BA/BS, MArch, MA/MS, PhD)

    These four, six, or eight year programs allow individuals to practice architecture and conduct research in architecture. Topics covered include architectural design, history, and theory; building structures and environmental systems; project and site planning; construction; professional responsibilities and standards; and related cultural, social, economic, and environmental issues. 

  • Architecture and Related Services

    These four, six, or eight year programs allow individuals to practice architecture and conduct research in architecture. Topics covered include architectural design, history, and theory; building structures and environmental systems; project and site planning; construction; professional responsibilities and standards; and related cultural, social, economic, and environmental issues. 

  • City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning

    Students of regional planning apply the principles of planning, analysis, and architecture to the development and improvement of urban areas and surrounding regions, and learn to function as professional planners. Students of this program learn the principles of architecture; master plan development; service, communications, and transportation systems design; community and commercial development; zoning; land use planning; applied economics; policy analysis; applicable laws and regulations; and professional responsibilities and managerial duties. 

• English Language and Literature 
  • English Language and Literature

    A general program that focuses on the English language, including its history, structure and related communications skills; and the literature and culture of English-speaking peoples. 

• Film and Theater 
  • Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts

    A program that focuses on the general study of dramatic works and their performance. Includes instruction in major works of dramatic literature, dramatic styles and types, and the principles of organizing and producing full live or filmed productions. 

  • Film/Cinema Studies

    A program in the visual arts that focuses on the study of the history, development, theory, and criticism of the film/video arts, as well as the basic principles of film making and film production. 

• Foreign Languages 
  • Classics and Languages, Literatures and Linguistics

    This general program focuses on the literary culture of the ancient Graeco-Roman world and the Greek and Latin languages and literatures and their development prior to the fall of the Roman Empire. 

  • Comparative Literature

    A program that focuses on two or more literary traditions in the original languages or in translation. Includes instruction in comparative linguistics; applicable foreign languages; English/French language and literature; literary criticism; and applications to genre, period, national, and textual studies as well as literary forms such as poetry, prose, and drama. 

  • French Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the French language and related dialects and creoles. Includes instruction in French philology, Metropolitan French, Canadian French, African and Caribbean Creoles, French regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • General Germanic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

    A general program that focuses on one or more of the Germanic languages of Western, Central, and Northern Europe. Includes instruction in philology, linguistics, dialects and pidgins, literature, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Italian Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Italian language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Italian philology, Modern Italian, Italian regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Linguistics

    A program that focuses on language, language development, and relationships among languages and language groups from a humanistic and/or scientific perspective. Includes instruction in subjects such as psycholinguistics, behavioral linguistics, language acquisition, sociolinguistics, mathematical and computational linguistics, grammatical theory and theoretical linguistics, philosophical linguistics, philology and historical linguistics, comparative linguistics, phonetics, phonemics, dialectology, semantics, functional grammar and linguistics, language typology, lexicography, morphology and syntax, orthography, stylistics, structuralism, rhetoric, and applications to artificial intelligence. 

  • Middle/Near Eastern and Semitic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
  • Other East Asian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics
  • Portuguese Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Portuguese language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Portuguese philology, Metropolitan Portuguese, Luso-Brazilian Portuguese, regional dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Scandinavian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

    A program that focuses on one or more of the languages, literatures, and linguistics of the peoples of Scandinavia and associated Northern European island groups. Programs may involve multiple languages and language families, not be specific as to the name of the language(s) studied, or be otherwise undifferentiated. 

  • Slavic Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics

    A general program that focuses on one or more of the Slavic languages of Central and Eastern Europe. Includes instruction in philology, linguistics, dialects and pidgins, literature, and applications to business, science/technology, and other settings. 

  • Spanish Language and Literature

    A program that focuses on the Spanish language and related dialects. Includes instruction in Spanish philology, Modern Castillan, various Latin American dialects, regional Spanish dialects, and applications in business, science/technology, and other settings. 

• History 
  • History

    A program that focuses on the general study and interpretation of the past, including the gathering, recording, synthesizing and criticizing of evidence and theories about past events. Includes instruction in historiography; historical research methods; studies of specific periods, issues and cultures; and applications to areas such as historic preservation, public policy, and records administration. 

• Music 
  • General Music

    A general program that focuses on the introductory study and appreciation of music and the performing arts. Includes instruction in music, dance, and other performing arts media. 

  • Musicology and Ethnomusicology

    A program that focuses on the systematic study of the forms and methods of music art, and the functions of music, in Western and non-Western societies and cultures. Includes instruction in music theory, musicological research methods, and studies of specific cultural styles such as jazz, folk music, rock, ethnic musical traditions, and the music of non-Western cultures. 

• Performing Arts 
  • General Dance

    A general program that prepares individuals to express ideas, feelings, and/or inner visions through the performance of one or more of the dance disciplines, including but not limited to ballet, modern, jazz, ethnic, and folk dance, and that focuses on the study and analysis of dance as a cultural phenomenon. Includes instruction in technique, choreography, Laban notation, dance history and criticism, and dance production. 

• Philosophy 

  • A program that focuses on ideas and their logical structure, including arguments and investigations about abstract and real phenomena. Includes instruction in logic, ethics, aesthetics, epistemology, metaphysics, symbolism, and history of philosophy, and applications to the theoretical foundations and methods of other disciplines. 

• Religion/Religious Studies

  • A program that focuses on Islam as preached by the Prophet Muhammad in 6th century Arabia and subsequently interpreted and elaborated by Islamic scholars and others; together with the cultural and social milieu related to the faith in various periods, localities, and branches. Includes instruction in Islamic scripture and related written authorities and commentaries (Qur'an, Hadith, Sunnah, Tafsir, Sirah); Islamic law and jurisprudence; Sufism; the various branches including Sunni, Shi'ia, Ahmaddiyyah, and others; and the development of Islamic religion and society from the beginnings to the present. 

• Visual Arts

  • Students of Art History study of the historical development of art as a social and intellectual phenomenon. Art History programs include the analysis of works of art, and art conservation, art history research methods, connoisseurship, the preservation and conservation of works of art, and the study of specific periods, cultures, styles, and themes. 

  • Art/Art Studies

    Art and Art Studies is a general, introductory program that focuses on the study and appreciation of the visual arts. Students of these two or four year programs receive instruction in art, photography, and other visual communications media.

BUSINESS

• Business Administration and Management

  Generally, this program prepares individuals to plan, organize, direct, and control a firm or organization. To aid them in taking a leading role in business, individuals in this program study management theory, human resources management and behavior, accounting and other quantitative methods, purchasing and logistics, organization and production, marketing, and business decision-making. 

A program that focuses on the theory, organization, and process of information collection, transmission, and utilization in traditional and electronic forms. Includes instruction in information classification and organization; information storage and processing; transmission, transfer, and signaling; communications and networking; systems planning and design; human interfacing and use analysis; database development; information policy analysis; and related aspects of hardware, software, economics, social factors, and capacity.